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Author Topic: Grub / windows problem  (Read 1547 times)
D92
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« on: November 23, 2006, 01:24:33 pm »

I installed windows 98(SE) but now i'm having some problems *rather big actually*,
Win98 crashes after the splash screen,
Grub is gone.
 
I used SuperGrubDisk, and am now able to boot into linux via it,
It seems all my data is just fine.
But restoring GRUB from it doesnt work.
Booting into XP doesnt wok either, because It then boots into win98
Maybe Installing another bootloader will work?
 
 Please help,
 
 Dean.
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analyticalman
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« Reply #1 on: November 23, 2006, 02:22:10 pm »

What partitions have you got on your disk?   1 linux 1swap 1 windows?

Anyway, if you installed windows last it will have wiped grub off your disk.   As you can boot into your linux using the super grub CD, sudo or su to root depending on what your linux is and type grub-install hd0 (assuming you only have one disk)  to reinstall grub on your mbr
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D92
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« Reply #2 on: November 23, 2006, 02:34:32 pm »

Hey,
Thanks for your reply  Smiley
I'm a n00b when it comes to linux tho,
Windows background *shrugs*  Cheesy

Could you please make me a step by step way to fix it?
Sorry for the trouble.

Dean.
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analyticalman
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« Reply #3 on: November 23, 2006, 03:00:33 pm »

You seem to have linux on your system - is it kubuntu?  Can you get into your linux using the super grub disk as you indicate?

If yes, open a terminal - and if kubuntu or ubuntu type

sudo grub-install hd0

If its another type of linux type su  then your root password

then grub-install hdo

If this doesn't mean anything to you can you tell us exactly what is on your system and how you got it there?
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D92
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« Reply #4 on: November 23, 2006, 03:14:40 pm »

I currently have:

Windows 98SE
Windows XP
Linux - Kubuntu

I mangaged to get into Kubuntu via that super grub disk.

so now:
sudo grub-install hd0  via the konsole?


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analyticalman
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« Reply #5 on: November 24, 2006, 12:42:58 am »

Yes - that should reinstall Grub onto the mbr of hd0 which is the first (or only) disk in your bios booting order. 
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Rog131
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Kubuntu facientes adiuvant


« Reply #6 on: November 24, 2006, 07:40:06 am »

About grub/partitions:

Checking disks/partitions

Example1 (first disk=hda, win/fat only)

Code:
:~$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/hda
Quote
Disk /dev/hda: 60.0 GB, 60000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7294 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/hda1   *           1        1459    11719386    c  W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/hda2            1460        7294    46869637+   f  W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/hda5            1460        1693     1879573+   b  W95 FAT32
/dev/hda6            1694        4494    22499001    b  W95 FAT32
/dev/hda7            4495        7294    22490968+   b  W95 FAT32


Example2 (second disk=hdb, win/linux mixed)

Code:
:~$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/hdb
Quote
Disk /dev/hdb: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/hdb1   *           1        7228    58058878+  83  Linux
/dev/hdb2            7229        9963    21968887+   f  W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/hdb5            7417        9963    20458746    b  W95 FAT32
/dev/hdb6            7229        7416     1510047   82  Linux swap / Solaris


Third would be hdc...


If you have sata disk.
Example3 (first sata disk=sda, linux only)

Code:
:~$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda
Quote
Disk /dev/sda: 250.0 GB, 250059350016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1       15076   121097938+  83  Linux
/dev/sda2           15077       30152   121097970   83  Linux
/dev/sda3           30153       30401     2000092+  82  Linux swap / Solaris


Second sata disk is sdb, third sata is sdc ...


From /1/
Quote
2 Naming convention

The partition numbers are counted from zero, not from one.
and
Quote
GRUB does not distinguish IDE from SCSI - it simply counts the drive numbers from zero, regardless of their type.

So if you have 2 x pata (ide) and 1 x sata drives.  To grub they could be:
First:    hda -> to grub hd0
Second:   hdb -> to grub hd1
Third:   sda -> to grub hd2   


Example4:
Making grub to start kubuntu from sda1

In the konsole:
Code:
:~$sudo grub

Checking where is /boot/grub/stage1
Code:
grub> find /boot/grub/stage1
(hd2,0)

So kubuntu/linux grub is partition (hd2,0) (that is sda1). Tell grub it

Code:
grub>root (hd2,0)
Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0x83

Putting grub into first disk mbr.

Code:
grub>setup (hd0)
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... yes
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage2" exists... yes
Checking if "/boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5" exists... yes
Running "embed /boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd0)"...  16 sectors are embedded.
succeeded
Running "install /boot/grub/stage1 d (hd0) (hd0)1+16 p (hd2,0)/boot/grub/stage
2 /boot/grub/menu.lst"... succeeded
Done.

From/1/
Quote
This command will install the GRUB boot loader on the Master Boot Record (MBR) of the first drive. If you want to put GRUB into the boot sector of a partition instead of putting it in the MBR, specify the partition into which you want to install GRUB:

grub> setup (hd0,0)

Quitting:

Code:
grub>quit


/1/ GNU GRUB Manual 0.97
http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/grub.html
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D92
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« Reply #7 on: November 24, 2006, 08:03:39 am »

**EDIT**:

Grub is back!,
Problem is:

When I try to boot Win XP it boots 98, which doesnt even boot but crashes over and over.
Should I post my menu.lst now?
« Last Edit: November 24, 2006, 09:24:25 am by D92 » Logged
analyticalman
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« Reply #8 on: November 24, 2006, 12:00:45 pm »

Good - so - we make progress - remember, reinstalling any Windows will always overwrite your Grub with the Windows bootloader.

Yes - post your /boot/grub/menu.lst but also the results of this command
sudo fdisk -l
see if you can interpret which partition it reports is for which Windows, so we know which partition has 98 and which has XP.  If you can do that, then the answer on how to modify your menu.lst is contained in the reference to the manual that Rog131 kindly provided (below).  But if not, it should be fairly simple to sort out Smiley
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D92
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« Reply #9 on: November 24, 2006, 12:06:51 pm »

Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device
E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
  or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
  or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
  or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
  ...

And:

# menu.lst - See: grub(Cool, info grub, update-grub(Cool
#            grub-install(Cool, grub-floppy(Cool,
#            grub-md5-crypt, /usr/share/doc/grub
#            and /usr/share/doc/grub-doc/.

## default num
# Set the default entry to the entry number NUM. Numbering starts from 0, and
# the entry number 0 is the default if the command is not used.
#
# You can specify 'saved' instead of a number. In this case, the default entry
# is the entry saved with the command 'savedefault'.
# WARNING: If you are using dmraid do not change this entry to 'saved' or your
# array will desync and will not let you boot your system.
default      0

## timeout sec
# Set a timeout, in SEC seconds, before automatically booting the default entry
# (normally the first entry defined).
timeout      3

## hiddenmenu
# Hides the menu by default (press ESC to see the menu)
hiddenmenu

# Pretty colours
#color cyan/blue white/blue

## password ['--md5'] passwd
# If used in the first section of a menu file, disable all interactive editing
# control (menu entry editor and command-line)  and entries protected by the
# command 'lock'
# e.g. password topsecret
#      password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/
# password topsecret

#
# examples
#
# title      Windows 95/98/NT/2000
# root      (hd0,0)
# makeactive
# chainloader   +1
#
# title      Linux
# root      (hd0,1)
# kernel   /vmlinuz root=/dev/hda2 ro
#

#
# Put static boot stanzas before and/or after AUTOMAGIC KERNEL LIST

### BEGIN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST
## lines between the AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST markers will be modified
## by the debian update-grub script except for the default options below

## DO NOT UNCOMMENT THEM, Just edit them to your needs

## ## Start Default Options ##
## default kernel options
## default kernel options for automagic boot options
## If you want special options for specific kernels use kopt_x_y_z
## where x.y.z is kernel version. Minor versions can be omitted.
## e.g. kopt=root=/dev/hda1 ro
##      kopt_2_6_8=root=/dev/hdc1 ro
##      kopt_2_6_8_2_686=root=/dev/hdc2 ro
# kopt=root=/dev/hdb5 ro

## default grub root device
## e.g. groot=(hd0,0)
# groot=(hd1,4)

## should update-grub create alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. alternative=true
##      alternative=false
# alternative=true

## should update-grub lock alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. lockalternative=true
##      lockalternative=false
# lockalternative=false

## additional options to use with the default boot option, but not with the
## alternatives
## e.g. defoptions=vga=791 resume=/dev/hda5
# defoptions=quiet splash

## altoption boot targets option
## multiple altoptions lines are allowed
## e.g. altoptions=(extra menu suffix) extra boot options
##      altoptions=(recovery mode) single
# altoptions=(recovery mode) single

## controls how many kernels should be put into the menu.lst
## only counts the first occurence of a kernel, not the
## alternative kernel options
## e.g. howmany=all
##      howmany=7
# howmany=all

## should update-grub create memtest86 boot option
## e.g. memtest86=true
##      memtest86=false
# memtest86=true

## should update-grub adjust the value of the default booted system
## can be true or false
# updatedefaultentry=false

## ## End Default Options ##

title      Ubuntu, kernel 2.6.15-23-386
root      (hd1,4)
kernel      /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.15-23-386 root=/dev/hdb5 ro quiet splash
initrd      /boot/initrd.img-2.6.15-23-386
savedefault
boot

title      Ubuntu, kernel 2.6.15-23-386 (recovery mode)
root      (hd1,4)
kernel      /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.15-23-386 root=/dev/hdb5 ro single
initrd      /boot/initrd.img-2.6.15-23-386
boot

title      Ubuntu, memtest86+
root      (hd1,4)
kernel      /boot/memtest86+.bin
boot

### END DEBIAN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST

title           Win XP
root            (hd0,0)
savedefault
makeactive
chainloader     +1


Now:
I do know that the linux drive is 10 GB
WinXP 80 GB
and Win98 is about 600 mb or so.
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analyticalman
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« Reply #10 on: November 24, 2006, 02:52:19 pm »

You need to type sudo fdisk -l (thats a small letter L at the end) it looks like you've just typed sudo fdisk - so its reported its usage rather than the results of the command Smiley

What I can see from your menu.lst is not what I was expecting.  You have Windows on your first disk - and Kubuntu on your second!  I didn't realise you were using separate drives - never mind - all worked out for the best Smiley  And it makes it easier to administer.

you can modify the command so that we see what is on each disk separately if you want

sudo fdisk /dev/hda
sudo fdisk /dev/hdb



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D92
Guest
« Reply #11 on: November 24, 2006, 03:25:28 pm »

Oh sorry Tongue

here:

Disk /dev/hda: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/hda1   *           1          64      514048+   b  W95 FAT32
/dev/hda3            1276        9728    67898722+   f  W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/hda5            1276        9728    67898691    7  HPFS/NTFS

Disk /dev/hdb: 203.9 GB, 203928109056 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 24792 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/hdb1               1        1275    10241406    f  W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/hdb2            1276        8924    61440592+   7  HPFS/NTFS
/dev/hdb3            8925       21672   102398310    7  HPFS/NTFS
/dev/hdb4           21673       24792    25061400    7  HPFS/NTFS
/dev/hdb5   *           1        1218     9783522   83  Linux
/dev/hdb6            1219        1275      457821   82  Linux swap / Solaris

Btw: thanks again for helping me  Grin
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analyticalman
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« Reply #12 on: November 24, 2006, 06:44:21 pm »

Woah - this is scary!!! Shocked

OK - what do we know - Kubuntu is on hdb5 and kubuntu swap is on hdb6 - this is good!!

We know (I think) that W98 is on Hda1 - because thats what Grub boots into - but what are all your other partitions?  Have you any idea what you have on which partition?  Can yu say what disk XP is on (because I guess that its XP we are trying to find)  If not, we'll have to go into linux, mount these partitions, and see what is on them.
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D92
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« Reply #13 on: November 25, 2006, 12:53:47 am »

I'm an andvanced user in XP so, thats why i've got all these patitions, storage, room for other os'ses, etc. etc. Tongue, anyway:

xd, they're all mounted  Wink
Stupid I didnt think of this earlier tho, LOL.

Win98 is hda1
Xp is on hda5
Linux is hdb5

hdb4 = Storage
hdb3 = Storage
hdb2 = Storage

Sorry for not telling you before,
Just realised I could read what number they have, when mounted, d'oh!:P
« Last Edit: November 25, 2006, 12:58:37 am by D92 » Logged
analyticalman
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« Reply #14 on: November 25, 2006, 04:28:56 am »

So now we know where to find stuff but, alas, we still may have problems because of deficiencies in the Window bootloader which means that it doesn't like being booted unless its on the first primary partition, so as you have multiple primary partitions (hda1 and hda5) we need to hide them.  I know the theory  but I've never done it personally - so this is a bit of an experiment.

We need to edit the menu.lst using sudo so do something like

kdesu kate /boot/grub/menu.lst

Take this bit at the bottom

title           Win XP
root            (hd0,0)
savedefault
makeactive
chainloader     +1

and copy it.  The only bits you are changing are the bits that start with "title" and "root"

Change the title of the first one so that it reads  Title  Windows 98SE
Then add these lines
unhide (hd0,0)
hide (hd0,4)


Change the root line of the second so that it reads root   (hd0,4)
Then above that add these lines
hide (hd0,0)
unhide (hd0,4)


so you end up with:

title           Windows98 SE
unhide        (hd0,0)
hide            (hd0,4)
root            (hd0,0)
savedefault
makeactive
chainloader     +1

title           Win XP
hide            (hd0,0)
unhide        (hd0,4)
root            (hd0,4)
savedefault
makeactive
chainloader     +1

Save the file, reboot - hopefully problem solved!  You'll have worked out by now that Grub counts its disks and its partitions from 0 so (hd0,4) means the 5th partition of the first disc.  If I've got the hiding/unhiding bit wrong then you may need to repost with that problem and have it answered by somebody with experience of multibooting windows - XP alone is quite enough for me! Tongue

I guess your W98 is Borked so you'll end up re-installing - just remember the grub-install option to put grub back and you'll be fine

btw - NTFS is still sometimes problematic in Linux - if you changed your storage partitions to Fat32 you could more easily read/write in kubuntu (although its still possible in NTFS) - just a thought

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